{"id":8775,"date":"2022-04-29T11:38:05","date_gmt":"2022-04-29T09:38:05","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/brightwork.nl\/?p=8775"},"modified":"2022-04-29T13:51:01","modified_gmt":"2022-04-29T11:51:01","slug":"why-should-we-remove-phosphorus-and-how-do-we-do-it-efficiently","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/brightwork.nl\/nl\/waste-water\/why-should-we-remove-phosphorus-and-how-do-we-do-it-efficiently\/","title":{"rendered":"Waarom moeten we fosfaat verwijderen en hoe doen we dat effici\u00ebnt?"},"content":{"rendered":"<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"8775\" class=\"elementor elementor-8775\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-8edb152 elementor-hidden-desktop elementor-hidden-tablet elementor-hidden-mobile elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"8edb152\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-9e1f0b4\" data-id=\"9e1f0b4\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1a83be0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-elementskit-header-info\" data-id=\"1a83be0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"elementskit-header-info.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"ekit-wid-con\" >        <ul class=\"ekit-header-info\">\n                                    <li>\n                            <a > \n                                <i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"icon icon-calendar3\"><\/i>                                8 april 2022                            <\/a>\n                        <\/li>\n\n                            <\/ul>\n        <\/div>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4dbb045 elementor-widget elementor-widget-page-title\" data-id=\"4dbb045\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"page-title.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t<div class=\"hfe-page-title hfe-page-title-wrapper elementor-widget-heading\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/brightwork.nl\/nl\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<h1 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\tWaarom moeten we fosfaat verwijderen en hoe doen we dat effici\u00ebnt?  \n\t\t\t<\/h1> \n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-75afdaf elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"75afdaf\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Fosfaat (P) in afvalwater dat in een waterlichaam wordt geloosd, is vaak de beperkende voedingsstof voor de primaire productiviteit in het water. Een teveel aan P kan dan ook leiden tot eutrofi\u00ebring.<\/p><p>Als gevolg van de strengere lozingslimieten die aan afvalwaterzuiveringsinstallaties in Europa worden opgelegd, is er een toenemende vraag naar een zeer laag totaal fosfaatgehalte in het effluent. Totale P-niveaus van minder dan 0,10 mg\/l vereisen behandelingsalternatieven die veel verder gaan dan de huidige technologie\u00ebn.<\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-71fe9e5 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"71fe9e5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Welke fosfaatfractionering komt voor in afvalwater effluent?<\/h3>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b3ef619 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"b3ef619\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Het secundaire effluent van een goed presterende installatie bevat gewoonlijk totale fosfaatgehalten van 0,4 - 1,2. De werkelijke prestaties zijn afhankelijk van de toegepaste primaire en secundaire zuiveringstechnologie\u00ebn. Totaal fosfaat is een somparameter, die moet worden gedifferentieerd om de best mogelijke verwijderingsmethode te analyseren. Fosfaat is aanwezig in oplosbare (passeer 0,45 micron filter) en deeltjesvorm. Zowel oplosbaar als deeltjesfosfaat bestaat uit reactief P (ook aangeduid als ortho P), poly P en organisch P. Opgelost organisch fosfaat is moeilijk te verwijderen en kan tot 0,05 - 0,2 mg\/l bijdragen. Wees je hier altijd van bewust! Je zou een drempel kunnen bereiken die moeilijk te overschrijden is.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-36c9014 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"36c9014\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-91c45ef\" data-id=\"91c45ef\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ff9cf4a elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"ff9cf4a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Hoe moet de aanvullende behandeling eruit zien?<\/h3>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ebb960f elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"ebb960f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Als je fosfaat tot bijvoorbeeld 0,10 mg\/l wilt verwijderen, moet je manieren vinden om zowel deeltjes als oplosbaar fosfaat effectief te verwijderen. Het effluent van afvalwaterzuiveringsinstallaties bevat - per definitie - zowel fosfaat in deeltjes als fosfaat in oplosbare vorm. Monsters van Nederlandse afvalwaterzuiveringsinstallaties laten concentraties van zowel deeltjes als oplosbaar fosfaat zien, beide in de orde van 0,2 - 0,6 mg\/l.<\/p><p>Daarom moeten de juiste tertiaire-behandelingstechnologie\u00ebn in staat zijn het oplosbare fosfaat chemisch om te zetten en tevens een uiterst effectieve barri\u00e8re vormen voor fosfaatdeeltjes door vaste deeltjes te verwijderen.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-7b53ee2\" data-id=\"7b53ee2\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-464585bd elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"464585bd\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"450\" height=\"341\" src=\"https:\/\/brightwork.nl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/20210208_MBF_600x-min-1-450x341.jpeg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-8778\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/brightwork.nl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/20210208_MBF_600x-min-1-450x341.jpeg 450w, https:\/\/brightwork.nl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/20210208_MBF_600x-min-1-300x227.jpeg 300w, https:\/\/brightwork.nl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/20210208_MBF_600x-min-1-16x12.jpeg 16w, https:\/\/brightwork.nl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/20210208_MBF_600x-min-1.jpeg 592w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 450px) 100vw, 450px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-75a73a5 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"75a73a5\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-eb4ecb5\" data-id=\"eb4ecb5\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9a536e0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"9a536e0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Hoe moet de aanvullende behandeling eruit zien?<\/h3>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-900f69c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"900f69c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Wij hebben drie technologie\u00ebn toegepast, die fosfaat kunnen verwijderen tot niveaus van minder dan 0,10 mg\/l. Schijf- en doekfiltratie zijn nuttig als compacte oplossing die soms mooi in het hydraulische lijnschema van de bestaande zuiveringsinstallatie past. Continue mediafiltratie is ook een zeer geschikte oplossing gebleken voor de verwijdering van fosfaat. Het biedt ook de mogelijkheid om de verwijdering van stikstof en fosfaat te combineren in \u00e9\u00e9n behandelingsproces. Wij zullen altijd zoeken naar de best mogelijke oplossing voor uw geval.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-7251ca1 elementor-section-stretched elementor-hidden-desktop elementor-hidden-tablet elementor-hidden-mobile elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"7251ca1\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;stretch_section&quot;:&quot;section-stretched&quot;,&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-extended\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-56f01b56\" data-id=\"56f01b56\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-794dfd1a elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"794dfd1a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Hergebruik effluent Themapark Efteling<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3a371f5 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"3a371f5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Het populaire pretpark Efteling in het zuiden van Nederland is een droogtepreventieprogramma gestart. Doel was de totale hoeveelheid grondwater die werd onttrokken om de talrijke watervijvers in het park te voeden, te verminderen. Als gevolg van de onttrekking daalde het grondwaterpeil. Daarom wordt effluent van afvalwaterzuiveringsinstallatie Kaatsheuvel gebruikt voor het aanvullen van water in de vijvers. Bijzondere aandacht wordt besteed aan het verwijderen van fosfaat tot niveaus onder 0,10 mg\/l totaal fosfaat om eutrofi\u00ebring en algenbloei in de vijvers te voorkomen.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-577e4112 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"577e4112\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"450\" height=\"253\" src=\"https:\/\/brightwork.nl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/wp-effluent-mockup.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-8779\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/brightwork.nl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/wp-effluent-mockup.jpg 450w, https:\/\/brightwork.nl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/wp-effluent-mockup-300x169.jpg 300w, https:\/\/brightwork.nl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/wp-effluent-mockup-18x10.jpg 18w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 450px) 100vw, 450px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-1c1e625a\" data-id=\"1c1e625a\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7ce501d6 elementor-vertical-align-top elementor-widget elementor-widget-icon-box\" data-id=\"7ce501d6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"icon-box.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon-box-wrapper\">\n\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon-box-content\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-icon-box-title\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span  >\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tDownload dit document om erachter te komen:\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/h3>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4ebeea7f elementor-view-stacked elementor-position-left elementor-shape-circle elementor-mobile-position-top elementor-vertical-align-top elementor-widget elementor-widget-icon-box\" data-id=\"4ebeea7f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"icon-box.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon-box-wrapper\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon-box-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t<span  class=\"elementor-icon elementor-animation-\">\n\t\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fas fa-check-double\"><\/i>\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon-box-content\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"elementor-icon-box-description\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\tHoe we erin slagen om consequent zeer lage totale fosfaatgehaltes te halen met continue tertiaire zandfiltratie.\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6087320b elementor-view-stacked elementor-position-left elementor-shape-circle elementor-mobile-position-top elementor-vertical-align-top elementor-widget elementor-widget-icon-box\" data-id=\"6087320b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"icon-box.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon-box-wrapper\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon-box-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t<span  class=\"elementor-icon elementor-animation-\">\n\t\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fas fa-check-double\"><\/i>\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon-box-content\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"elementor-icon-box-description\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\tHoe het Sand-Cycle bewakingssysteem voortdurend bijdraagt tot een installatie zonder anomalie\u00ebn.\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a063013 elementor-view-stacked elementor-position-left elementor-shape-circle elementor-mobile-position-top elementor-vertical-align-top elementor-widget elementor-widget-icon-box\" data-id=\"a063013\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"icon-box.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon-box-wrapper\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon-box-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t<span  class=\"elementor-icon elementor-animation-\">\n\t\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fas fa-check-double\"><\/i>\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon-box-content\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"elementor-icon-box-description\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\tWelke resultaten worden van jaar tot jaar verkregen voor diverse parameters, waaronder totaal fosfaat, gesuspendeerde vaste stoffen, BZV, stikstof.\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6d27295e elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"6d27295e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm\" href=\"\/nl\/downloads\/effluent-reuse-theme-park-efteling\/\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">WHITEPAPER DOWNLOADEN<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Onze missie is onze klanten te helpen bij het oplossen van diverse problemen, die verband houden met water- en afvalwaterbehandeling. Een van de dingen die we hebben ervaren <\/p>","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":8883,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_eb_attr":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[43],"tags":[9],"class_list":["post-8775","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-waste-water","tag-nitrogen-phosphorus-removal"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v22.8 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Why should we remove phosphorus and how do we do it efficiently? - Brightwork BV<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"A continuous sand filtration process is enabled by the continuous process of abstraction at the bottom of the filter, vertical media transport (via the airlift) and media washing. As a result the sand grains in the filter bed are moving downwards at a typical speed between 3 and 16 mm per minute. We call this movement the sand circulation rate. This is what makes the continuous filter differ from a batchwise washed sand filter.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/brightwork.nl\/nl\/waste-water\/why-should-we-remove-phosphorus-and-how-do-we-do-it-efficiently\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"nl_NL\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Why should we remove phosphorus and how do we do it efficiently? - Brightwork BV\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"A continuous sand filtration process is enabled by the continuous process of abstraction at the bottom of the filter, vertical media transport (via the airlift) and media washing. As a result the sand grains in the filter bed are moving downwards at a typical speed between 3 and 16 mm per minute. We call this movement the sand circulation rate. 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